for java developers, java database connectivity (jdbc) is the only standard interface to database management systems (dbmss). as jdbc has evolved, the number of ways to connect have increased. jdbc 2 added capabilities for compatibility with j2ee. jdbc 3 generalized the structure to support enterprise information systems (eiss) other than dbmss, including messaging services.
jdbc 3 introduced j2ee connector architecture (jca). the initial release of jca (1.0) standardized interfaces to dbmss for application servers. with jca, application servers can access a variety of dbmss without dbms-specific coding. jca also provides local and distributed transaction control, generic deployment capabilities and access outside of dbmss to general eiss.
sun released the fi... 下一页