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the java 2 platform, enterprise edition (j2ee), defines the standard for developing and deploying multitier enterprise applications. at the core of j2ee architecture are application servers - containers for your j2ee components.
this article explains the architecture of an application server that embraces standards such as j2ee, and focuses on ways to leverage the application server platform for caching, load balancing, scalability, and clustering services. it also provides an understanding of how to build j2ee applications, by looking at both design and runtime scenarios. it concludes with some best practices for designing and implementing enterprise applications.
the metamorphosis: from web servers to application servers
few companies have been able to create an application server that addresses the different functionalities necessary in a multitiered architecture in a cohesive way. in general, application servers should provide: programming standards and models such as j2ee access to all tiers application partitioning messaging, transactional, and distributed services manageability additionally, application servers are required to provide support for multiple platforms, including linux, solaris, and windows nt.this article uses oracle9i application server (oracle9ias) (see figure 1) to describe the basic building blocks of an application server including: mechanism to handle http requests scalable execution environment for java programs containers for j2ee components performance optimizations, such as caching, load balancing, fault tolerance, and clustering
mere support of j2ee alone is not sufficient. advanced features such as wireless integration, portals, business intelligence, web services, collaboration, and process integration can make it easier for developers to create e-business applications. well describe these concepts using oracle9ias in an upcoming issue of jdj.
mechanism to handle http requests 【程序编程相关:Implementing J2EE Se】
during the early 90s, the advent of the internet gave birth to myriad programming models like cgi and fastcgi. this enabled ubiquitous access to computing resources. a shift toward server-centric it development took shape to leverage these resources efficiently, and resulted in web servers that could run various kinds of applications.this gave birth to the application server.later, application servers provided proprietary interfaces such as nsapi and isapi that enabled developers to access a servers internal services. however, these techniques were not standard across application servers, limiting flexibility and deployment choices. developers facing these challenges embraced standards such as j2ee that enabled them to focus on business logic, and not the underlying plumbing and proprietary interfaces. this created a drive for the next-generation application server that supported standards such as j2ee for building e-business applications.
application server architectures 【推荐阅读:ColdFusion MX 7 Is A】
oracle http server is powered by apache, a popular web server. the http server not only serves files, but also provides functionality to execute programs to generate dynamic content. to facilitate e-business, http engines support the https protocol, t... 下一页